Promise

• ES6's new solution for asynchronous programming in JS
• Syntactically: Constructor
• Functionally: The promise object is used to encapsulate an asynchronous operation and get its success/failure result value

Asynchronous

File Operation using fs

			
					require("fs").readFile("./app.html", (err, data) => {

});

			
	

			
	
			

		
	

AJAX

			
					$.get("/server", (data) => {

});

			
	

			
	
			

		
	

Why Use Promise

• Support chain call, which can solve callback hell
• The way to specify the callback function is more flexible

Generate random integers

			
					function rand(a, b) {
  return Math.ceil(Math.random() * (b - a + 1)) + a - 1;
}

			
	

			
	
			

		
	

The three States of Promise

A property in the promise instance object PromiseState.

• pending: undecided
• resolved /fulfilled: successful
• rejected: failed

Promise.reject()

			
					new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    reject()
})

			
	

			
	
			

		
	

Promise.resolve()

			
					new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    resolve()
})

			
	

			
	
			

		
	

Promise.all([promise1, promise2, promise3])

• The waiting principle is executed after all promises are completed.

			
					Promise.all([promise1, promise2, promise3]).then((values) => {
  // values is an array, will collect the results of the previous promise values[0] => the successful results of promise1
})

			
	

			
	
			

		
	

The value of the promise object Another property of the promise instance object PromiseResult.

Holds success/failure the result of the asynchronous operation of the object

• resolve
• reject